[85] Alerted by a witness, Malcolm X and a small group of Muslims went to the police station and demanded to see Johnson. [220], Malcolm X was buried at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York. He was posthumously honored with Malcolm X Day, on which he is commemorated in various cities across the United States. The exception is the appearance of his name in the "complaints bill" of a law case before the Queen's Bench court at Westminster dated Michaelmas Term 1588 and 9 October 1589. or. [237][238] Earl Grant, one of Malcolm X's associates who was present at the assassination, later wrote:[239]. At the same time, Richard's vivid self-awareness looks forward to the soliloquies of Shakespeare's mature plays. [205], Butler, today known as Muhammad Abdul Aziz, was paroled in 1985 and became the head of the Nation's Harlem mosque in 1998; he maintains his innocence. [124][125] The wit and wordplay of Much Ado About Nothing,[126] the charming rural setting of As You Like It, and the lively merrymaking of Twelfth Night complete Shakespeare's sequence of great comedies. [101] One of the goals of the civil rights movement was to end disenfranchisement of African Americans, but the Nation of Islam forbade its members from participating in voting and other aspects of the political process. [90] A grand jury declined to indict the officers who beat Johnson. I was a zombie then—like all [Black] Muslims—I was hypnotized, pointed in a certain direction and told to march. [220] Expressions such as "with bated breath" (Merchant of Venice) and "a foregone conclusion" (Othello) have found their way into everyday English speech. [56] In his autobiography, Malcolm X explained that the "X" symbolized the true African family name that he could never know. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. [252][253] In 1896, Frederick S. Boas coined the term "problem plays" to describe four plays: All's Well That Ends Well, Measure for Measure, Troilus and Cressida, and Hamlet. [276][277][278] The 26 so-called "Dark Lady" sonnets, addressed to a married woman, are taken as evidence of heterosexual liaisons. November 1998 in Madrid, Spanien) ist ein marokkanischer Fußballspieler. In October, Malcolm X sent an angry telegram to the police commissioner. [60][D] Later that year he established Boston's Temple Number 11;[62] in March 1954, he expanded Temple Number 12 in Philadelphia;[63] and two months later he was selected to lead Temple Number 7 in Harlem,[64] where he rapidly expanded its membership. 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's greatest dramatist. "[185], The September 1964 issue of Ebony dramatized Malcolm X's defiance of these threats by publishing a photograph of him holding an M1 carbine while peering out a window. [59] In June 1953 he was named assistant minister of the Nation's Temple Number One in Detroit. He increasingly tuned his metaphors and images to the needs of the drama itself. [203] The late romances, with their shifts in time and surprising turns of plot, inspired a last poetic style in which long and short sentences are set against one another, clauses are piled up, subject and object are reversed, and words are omitted, creating an effect of spontaneity. [158] When the company found themselves in dispute with their landlord, they pulled The Theatre down and used the timbers to construct the Globe Theatre, the first playhouse built by actors for actors, on the south bank of the Thames at Southwark. [15] This date, which can be traced to a mistake made by an 18th-century scholar, has proved appealing to biographers because Shakespeare died on the same date in 1616. März 2011 trennte sich der Verein trotz des Erreichens des DFB-Pokalfinales und des Viertelfinales der Champions League mit sofortiger Wirkung von Felix Magath. The Romantic poets attempted to revive Shakespearean verse drama, though with little success. However, the document is now lost and scholars differ as to its authenticity. [208][209], Shakespeare's work has made a lasting impression on later theatre and literature. Was Malcolm your traitor or ours? Hey there and welcome to my site. [181] Both proved popular and were often reprinted during Shakespeare's lifetime. [281], This article is about the poet and playwright. [13] The volume was prefaced with a poem by Ben Jonson, in which Jonson presciently hailed Shakespeare in a now-famous quote as "not of an age, but for all time". You are not guilty, but you did it.… Your mills, your cities, your rape of a continent started all this. [68], In 1955, Betty Sanders met Malcolm X after one of his lectures, then again at a dinner party; soon she was regularly attending his lectures. [159], On November 23, 1964, on his way home from Africa, Malcolm X stopped in Paris, where he spoke in the Salle de la Mutualité. In Venus and Adonis, an innocent Adonis rejects the sexual advances of Venus; while in The Rape of Lucrece, the virtuous wife Lucrece is raped by the lustful Tarquin. [328], In 1996, the first library named after Malcolm X was opened, the Malcolm X Branch Library and Performing Arts Center of the San Diego Public Library system. The result was the 1972 documentary film Malcolm X. Denzel Washington played the title role in the 1992 motion picture Malcolm X. คอนเสิร์ตแรกในชีวิต! Shakespeare's works include the 36 plays printed in the First Folio of 1623, listed according to their folio classification as comedies, histories, and tragedies. [154] In Cairo, he attended the second meeting of the Organization of African Unity as a representative of the OAAU. [251] In August 2014, an online petition was started using the White House online petition mechanism to call on the government to release, without alteration, any files they still held relating to the murder of Malcolm X. Among those who championed him were the writers Voltaire, Goethe, Stendhal, and Victor Hugo. He is best known for his time spent as a vocal spokesman for the Nation of Islam. On February 21, 1965, he was assassinated in New York City. [103] In 1623, in conjunction with the publication of the First Folio, the Droeshout engraving was published. ใต้ตา . [192], Shakespeare's first plays were written in the conventional style of the day. Malcolm X then served as the public face of the organization for a dozen years, where he advocated for black empowerment, black supremacy, and the separation of black and white Americans, and publicly criticized the mainstream civil rights movement for its emphasis on nonviolence and racial integration. I mean, to be honest, I've had epilation so I don't even need to shave that often. His family was ordered to vacate[181] but on February 14, 1965—the night before a hearing on postponing the eviction—the house was destroyed by fire. The blank verse of his early plays is quite different from that of his later ones. [75] Shakespeare continued to visit London during the years 1611–1614. [K], Malcolm X mentored and guided Louis X (later known as Louis Farrakhan), who eventually became the leader of the Nation of Islam. William Shakespeare (bapt. In many parts of the African continent, I saw white students helping black people. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. A third narrative poem, A Lover's Complaint, in which a young woman laments her seduction by a persuasive suitor, was printed in the first edition of the Sonnets in 1609. [20][21], After a short time in Flint, Michigan, he moved to New York City's Harlem neighborhood in 1943, where he found employment on the New Haven Railroad and engaged in drug dealing, gambling, racketeering, robbery, and pimping. And prais'd be rashness for it—let us know [55][56][57] Shakespeare continued to act in his own and other plays after his success as a playwright. The Nation of Islam, which had sent a message of condolence to the Kennedy family and ordered its ministers not to comment on the assassination, publicly censured their former shining star. One officer was disarmed; his partner was shot in the elbow by a third officer. Striding the blast, or heaven's cherubim, hors'd The next day, two of Hathaway's neighbours posted bonds guaranteeing that no lawful claims impeded the marriage. "[184] In the December 4 issue of Muhammad Speaks, Louis X wrote that "such a man as Malcolm is worthy of death. [67], Besides his skill as a speaker, Malcolm X had an impressive physical presence. [311] The city is also home to El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz Academy, a public charter school with an Afrocentric focus. [216] The psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud drew on Shakespearean psychology, in particular, that of Hamlet, for his theories of human nature. My PSU is 650W, I bought my PC 1 year ago and it works well, only these 2-3 days the PC reboots once I start a match, so I suppose it is not PSU problem. [64][65] He moved across the river to Southwark by 1599, the same year his company constructed the Globe Theatre there. [321] In 2016, Ankara, Turkey, renamed the street on which the U.S. is building its new embassy after Malcolm X. Half a century later, John Ward, the vicar of Stratford, wrote in his notebook: "Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a merry meeting and, it seems, drank too hard, for Shakespeare died of a fever there contracted",[83][84] not an impossible scenario since Shakespeare knew Jonson and Drayton. The poet and critic T.S. He said that he and the other members of the OAAU were determined to defend themselves from aggressors, and to secure freedom, justice and equality "by whatever means necessary". [186][187] Even before the two unauthorised sonnets appeared in The Passionate Pilgrim in 1599, Francis Meres had referred in 1598 to Shakespeare's "sugred Sonnets among his private friends". [128][129][130] This period begins and ends with two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet, the famous romantic tragedy of sexually charged adolescence, love, and death;[131][132] and Julius Caesar—based on Sir Thomas North's 1579 translation of Plutarch's Parallel Lives—which introduced a new kind of drama. [177][178], On June 8, FBI surveillance recorded a telephone call in which Betty Shabazz was told that her husband was "as good as dead. In January 1964, Clay brought Malcolm X and his family to Miami to watch him train for his fight against Sonny Liston. [43], Scholars differ on the exact meaning of Greene's words,[43][44] but most agree that Greene was accusing Shakespeare of reaching above his rank in trying to match such university-educated writers as Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Nashe, and Greene himself (the so-called "University Wits"). A controversial figure accused of preaching racism and violence, Malcolm X is also a widely celebrated figure within African-American and Muslim American communities for his pursuit of racial justice. Gib einen neuen Namen ein und bestätige ihn, indem du dein Kennwort erneut eingibst. The strongest evidence might be a Catholic statement of faith signed by his father, John Shakespeare, found in 1757 in the rafters of his former house in Henley Street. In prison, he joined the Nation of Islam, adopted the name Malcolm X (to symbolize his unknown African ancestral surname), and quickly became one of the organization's most influential leaders after being paroled in 1952. Grammar schools varied in quality during the Elizabethan era, but grammar school curricula were largely similar: the basic Latin text was standardised by royal decree,[23][24] and the school would have provided an intensive education in grammar based upon Latin classical authors. [240] Louis Lomax wrote that John Ali, national secretary of the Nation of Islam, was a former FBI agent. Postal Service issued a Malcolm X postage stamp in 1999. [87] Inside the station, Malcolm X and an attorney were making bail arrangements for two of the Muslims. Burbage played the leading role in the first performances of many of Shakespeare's plays, including Richard III, Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear. [92] His comments on issues and events were being widely reported in print, on radio, and on television,[93] and he was featured in a 1959 New York City television broadcast about the Nation of Islam, The Hate That Hate Produced. "[291], In the late 1960s, increasingly radical black activists based their movements largely on Malcolm X and his teachings. [190] Malcolm X was pronounced dead at 3:30 pm, shortly after arriving at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. [270][271][272] Other authors argue that there is a lack of evidence about Shakespeare's religious beliefs. [7] They also continue to be studied and reinterpreted. "We may, therefore, borrow a convenient phrase from the theatre of today and class them together as Shakespeare's problem plays. [249] Two plays not included in the First Folio, The Two Noble Kinsmen and Pericles, Prince of Tyre, are now accepted as part of the canon, with today's scholars agreeing that Shakespeare made major contributions to the writing of both. [282] In a conversation with Gordon Parks, two days before his assassination, Malcolm said: [L]istening to leaders like Nasser, Ben Bella, and Nkrumah awakened me to the dangers of racism. [66], During 1955, Malcolm X continued his successful recruitment of members on behalf of the Nation of Islam. He also reproduced five of his speeches, but featured only one of Muhammad's—all of which greatly upset Muhammad and made him envious. As a matter of absolute fact, some of them even had their hands in their pockets. [205] Like all playwrights of the time, he dramatised stories from sources such as Plutarch and Holinshed. Kelly Wood stated that the letter was created by her cousin Reggie Wood for attention and book sales. 1965 after their father's death, and named in his honor). The white liberal differs from the white conservative only in one way: the liberal is more deceitful than the conservative. Azzam's son arranged for his release and lent him his personal hotel suite. [233] For several decades, Rymer's view held sway; but during the 18th century, critics began to respond to Shakespeare on his own terms and acclaim what they termed his natural genius. [331] Collections of Malcolm X's papers are held by the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture and the Robert W. Woodruff Library.[332][333][334]. "[179] Four days later, an FBI informant received a tip that "Malcolm X is going to be bumped off. Customize look and feel, save and share wheels. Am 16. It contained 36 texts, including 18 printed for the first time. [190], The 1609 edition was dedicated to a "Mr. [320] Main Street in Lansing, Michigan, was renamed Malcolm X Street in 2010. Muhammad confirmed the rumors in 1963, attempting to justify his behavior by referring to precedents set by Biblical prophets. Cristiano Ronaldo [kɾiʃti'ɐnu ʁuˈnaɫðu], mit vollem Namen Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro[A 1] (* 5. The movement could then bring its complaints before the United Nations, where Malcolm X said the emerging nations of the world would add their support. They did not seem to be at all excited or concerned about the circumstances. [267] He taught that Wallace Fard Muhammad, the founder of the Nation, was God incarnate,[268] and that Elijah Muhammad was his Messenger, or Prophet. [151] After his journey to Mecca in 1964, he visited Africa a second time. [188] Few analysts believe that the published collection follows Shakespeare's intended sequence. Translated. It is not known whether this was written by Shakespeare himself or by the publisher, Thomas Thorpe, whose initials appear at the foot of the dedication page; nor is it known who Mr. W.H. [318] New Dudley Street, in the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston, was renamed Malcolm X Boulevard in the 1990s. After first discounting the rumors, Malcolm X came to believe them after he spoke with Muhammad's son Wallace and with the women making the accusations. He wrote them in a stylised language that does not always spring naturally from the needs of the characters or the drama. He dedicated them to Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton. In particular, he expanded the dramatic potential of characterisation, plot, language, and genre. [207][208] Hayer, who also rejected the Nation's teachings while in prison and converted to Sunni Islam,[209] is known today as Mujahid Halim. [102][i], (Modern spelling: Good friend, for Jesus' sake forbear, / To dig the dust enclosed here. [38] Two years later, Malcolm was transferred to Norfolk Prison Colony (also in Massachusetts). All four African-American men were arrested. The remarks prompted widespread public outcry. The 1616 edition of Ben Jonson's Works names him on the cast lists for Every Man in His Humour (1598) and Sejanus His Fall (1603). [280] In the last months of his life, however, Malcolm X began to reconsider his support for black nationalism after meeting northern African revolutionaries who, to all appearances, were white.[281]. [234][235] By 1800, he was firmly enshrined as the national poet. [16][17] He was the third of eight children, and the eldest surviving son. [26] The ceremony may have been arranged in some haste since the Worcester chancellor allowed the marriage banns to be read once instead of the usual three times,[27][28] and six months after the marriage Anne gave birth to a daughter, Susanna, baptised 26 May 1583. explored the assassination, which launched a new review of the murder by the office of the Manhattan District Attorney. Signature. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. To connect with Loverrukk, sign up for Facebook today. Malcolm spent his adolescence living in a series of foster homes or with relatives after his father's death and his mother's hospitalization. [287] He is largely responsible for the spread of Islam in the black community in the United States. [288][289][290] Many African Americans, especially those who lived in cities in the Northern and Western United States, felt that Malcolm X articulated their complaints concerning inequality better than did the mainstream civil rights movement. "[223] He said:[223]. [85][86] On April 26, Johnson and two other passersby—also Nation of Islam members—saw the officers beating an African-American man with nightsticks. Three Nation members were charged with the murder and given indeterminate life sentences. The consistory court of the Diocese of Worcester issued a marriage licence on 27 November 1582. [132], Malcolm X had by now become a media favorite, and some Nation members believed he was a threat to Muhammad's leadership. As used here, Johannes Factotum ("Jack of all trades") refers to a second-rate tinkerer with the work of others, rather than the more common "universal genius". I could not agree with either of these men, but I could see in them a capacity for leadership which I could respect, and which was just beginning to mature in judgment and statesmanship. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive; this has stimulated considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, his sexuality, his religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.[8][9][10]. [116][117] Like The Two Gentlemen of Verona, in which two friends appear to approve of rape,[118][119][120] the Shrew's story of the taming of a woman's independent spirit by a man sometimes troubles modern critics, directors, and audiences. Its plaque compares him to Nestor, Socrates, and Virgil. [176][177] In some cases, for example, Hamlet, Troilus and Cressida, and Othello, Shakespeare could have revised the texts between the quarto and folio editions. [211], A CNN Special Report, Witnessed: The Assassination of Malcolm X, was broadcast on February 17, 2015. "[265], Malcolm X said that Islam was the "true religion of black mankind" and that Christianity was "the white man's religion" that had been imposed upon African Americans by their slave-masters.
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