Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. [124] Beginning circa 2000 BCE, the Phoenicians worked deposits in the Iberian peninsula; by 1600 BCE, lead mining existed in Cyprus, Greece, and Sardinia. [260] Seawater products can contain lead if affected by nearby industrial waters. Lead dioxide is a strong oxidizing agent, capable of oxidizing hydrochloric acid to chlorine gas. [172] Most European countries banned lead paint—commonly used because of its opacity and water resistance[173]—for interiors by 1930. [276], Anthropogenic lead includes lead from shot and sinkers. [226] Lead is one of three metals used in the Oddy test for museum materials, helping detect organic acids, aldehydes, and acidic gases.[227][228]. Lead is a chemical element with atomic number 82 which means there are 82 protons in its nucleus.Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z.The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10-19 coulombs. atomic number Ordnungszahl {f} chem. Several studies, mostly cross-sectional, found an association between increased lead exposure and decreased heart rate variability. Lead belongs to, There are countless uses for lead. Lead Atomic Number: 82 Lead Atomic Weight: 207.2 What is Lead? For a low-grade feed, all of the lead can be oxidized to a high-lead slag. Atomic Number – Protons, Electrons and Neutrons in Lead. The ancient Romans referred to lead as "plumbum nigrum", which means "black lead". The chemical symbol for Lead is Pb.. Atomic Mass of Lead. [264] Dissolved carbon dioxide in the carried water may result in the formation of soluble lead bicarbonate; oxygenated water may similarly dissolve lead as lead(II) hydroxide. [262], The use of lead for water pipes is a problem in areas with soft or acidic water. Hyponyms (each of the following is a kind of "atomic number 82"): hard lead (unrefined lead that is hard because of the impurities it contains) antimonial lead; hard lead (a lead alloy that contains about 5% antimony) pig lead (lead that is cast in pigs) This article is about the metal. Significant deposits are located in Australia, China, Ireland, Mexico, Peru, Portugal, Russia, and the United States. [110], Typical background concentrations of lead do not exceed 0.1 μg/m3 in the atmosphere; 100 mg/kg in soil; and 5 μg/L in freshwater and seawater. Malleability describes how easily it deforms under compression, whereas ductility means its ability to stretch. United States Environmental Protection Agency, "Lead exposures in U.S. children, 2008: Implications for prevention", "Lead Poisoning: A Historical Perspective", "Early blood lead levels and sleep disturbance in preadolescence", "What is Your Cosmic Connection to the Elements? Thus polonium-210 (mass number 210 and atomic number 84, i.e., a nucleus with 84 protons) decays by alpha emission to lead-206 (atomic number 82). Kontrollér oversættelser for 'atomic number 82' til dansk. [244] A small amount of lead (1%) is stored in bones; the rest is excreted in urine and feces within a few weeks of exposure. [110] The top three producers of refined lead were China, the United States, and India.
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